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Bansal, Vikram
- Newer Water Purification Techniques-a Review
Abstract Views :243 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Ramandeep Singh Gambhir
1,
Ramandeep Kaur Sohi
2,
Vikram Bansal
2,
Ashutosh Nirola
3,
Amaninder Kaur Randhawa
4,
G. M. Sogi
5,
K. L. Veeresha
5
Affiliations
1 Gian Sagar Dental College, Banur, Rajpura, Punjab, IN
2 M.M. College of Dental Sciences & Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, IN
3 Periodontology Laxmibai Dental College, Patiala, IN
4 Sri Guru Ram Das Dental College, Amritsar, Punjab, IN
5 M.M.College of Dental Sciences & Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, IN
1 Gian Sagar Dental College, Banur, Rajpura, Punjab, IN
2 M.M. College of Dental Sciences & Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, IN
3 Periodontology Laxmibai Dental College, Patiala, IN
4 Sri Guru Ram Das Dental College, Amritsar, Punjab, IN
5 M.M.College of Dental Sciences & Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 4, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 249-252Abstract
Uncontaminated water does not occur in nature. Water gets contaminated by various gases, minerals, agricultural activities and urbanization. Various types of micro-organisms also contaminate water. Water has to undergo a purification process before it can be used for drinking purposes. Water is being purified since pre-historic times. Now-a-days water is being purified by various methods but research is being conducted to look for more reliable and cheaper methods that can purify water at an affordable cost. Various techniques have been developed like utilizing rechargeable polymer beads, seeds of Moringa Oleifera tree, aerobic granular sludge technology, resin based treatment and two-pronged water treatment technology. All these techniques can generate pure water. It is hoped that in coming times every person on this planet will be consuming pure and safe water.Keywords
Water Water, Treatment, Pure Water, Affordable Cost
References
- Water Wikipedia, Available URLen. wikipedia.org/wiki/Water; Accessed on- 23/ 03/09
- Park K., Preventive and Social Medicine, M/S Banarsidas Bhanot Publishers, 20th Edition, 2009, Pg 617-634.
- World Health Organization. Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, Vol. 2, 2nd edition, 1996, Pg 9-13.
- History of water filters-early water treatment. Available URL- www.historyofwaterfilters.com/ early-water-treatment.html. Accessed on- 20/03/09
- Dunk D, Mickey PE and Williams J. Point-of –use water purification using rechargeable polymer beads. Water and wastewater Asia 2005.
- Doerr B (2005). Moringa water treatment. Available URL: www.echonet.org; Accessed on- 15/03/09.
- New water-purification method promises radical improvement. Available URL: www.physorg.com/news70621194.html; Accessed on 23/03/09.
- Kumar P, Bhatia UK. Resin based treatment for colour and organic impurities removal. Proceedings of the National conference on Civil engineering: Advancement and Challenges, 2007, Pg 349-352, Civil Engineering Department, M.M. Engineering College, Mullana.
- Asmussen RM, Tian M & Chen A. A new approach to wastewater remediation based on bifunctional electrodes. Environmental science & technology 2009; 43 (13): 5100-5105.
- Household Water Treatment following Emergencies and Disasters-a Review
Abstract Views :200 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Ramandeep Singh Gambhir
1,
Ramandeep Kaur Sohi
2,
Amaninder Kaur Randhawa
3,
Vikram Bansal
4,
Simarpreet Singh
1
Affiliations
1 Gian Sagar Dental College, Banur, Rajpura, Punjab, IN
2 M. M. College of Dental Sciences & Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, IN
3 Sri Guru Ram Das Dental College, Amritsar, Punjab, IN
4 M. M. College of Dental Sciences & Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, IN
1 Gian Sagar Dental College, Banur, Rajpura, Punjab, IN
2 M. M. College of Dental Sciences & Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, IN
3 Sri Guru Ram Das Dental College, Amritsar, Punjab, IN
4 M. M. College of Dental Sciences & Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 4, No 3 (2013), Pagination: 249-252Abstract
Uncontaminated water does not occur in nature. Water gets contaminated by various gases, minerals, agricultural activities and urbanization. Various types of micro-organisms also contaminate water. Water has to undergo a purification process before it can be used for drinking purposes. During emergencies like floods, earthquakes and epidemics; families often lack access to safe and pure water for drinking purposes. In these situations there is a dire need to purify water at home to stop the occurrence of diseases like gastroenteritis. Treating water at the household level has been shown to be one of the most effective and cost-effective means of preventing waterborne disease in development and emergency settings. Various methods to purify household water and generate pure water are being used like chemical disinfection, filtration, solar disinfection, combined flocculation/chlorination system, boiling and safe storage. Promoting household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) helps vulnerable populations to take charge of their own water security by providing them with the knowledge and tools to treat their own drinking water.Keywords
Household Water, Emergency, Water Treatment, Disinfection, DisasterReferences
- Water Wikipedia [home page on the internet]; 2009 [cited 2009 March 23]. Available from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water
- K. Park, Preventive and Social Medicine, M/S Banarsidas Bhanot Publishers, 20th Edition, 2009, Pg 617-634.
- Water purification-Wikipedia [home page on the internet]; 2009 [cited 2009 March 23]. Available from: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Water_purification.
- WHO. Progress towards the Millennium Development Goals, 1990-2005 [monograph on the internet]; 2005 [cited 2011 February 2]. Available from: http://unstats/un.org/unsd/ mi/goals_2005/goal_4.pdf
- Promotion of Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage in UNICEF Wash Programmes [monograph on the internet] 2008; [cited 2011 February 11]. Available from: www.unicef.org
- Mc Kinney and Schoch, Environmental Science Systems, Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 3rd Edition, 2003, Pg 366-372.
- World Health Organization. Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Following Emergencies And Disasters. Water, Sanitation and Health [monograph on the internet]; 2002 [cited 2009 March 15]. Available from: www.who.int/ water_sanitation_health /hygiene / emergencies/em2002chap7.pdf;
- Water treatment methods [monograph on the internet]; 2005 [cited 2011 February 11]. Available from: www.high-altitude-medicine.com/ water.html
- Stanfield G, Lechevallier M, Snozzi M. Treatment Efficiency, Water Treatment and Pathogen Control: Process Efficiency in Achieving Safe Drinking Water. World Health Organization [serial on the internet]; 2004 [cited 2009 March 15]. Available from: http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/en/watreatpath.pdf
- Daniele S. Lantagne, Robert Quick, and Eric D. Mintz. Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage Options in Developing Countries: A review of current implementation practices [monograph on the internet]; 2005 [cited 2011 February 11]. Available from: http:// www.wilsoncenter. o rg/topics/pubs/ WaterStoriesHousehold.pdf
- Water disinfection methods. Part 1 [monograph on the internet]; 2005 [cited 2011 February 11]. Available from: www. free drinking water.com
- Household water treatment and safe storage [monograph on the internet]; 2011 [cited 2011 February 11]. Available from: www.who.int/ household_water/en
- Factors Affecting Online Consumers Purchase Intention
Abstract Views :184 |
PDF Views:180
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Business and Hospitality, Lincoln University College, MY
1 Department of Business and Hospitality, Lincoln University College, MY
Source
Management Dynamics, Vol 15, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 9-19Abstract
Innovation in technology has enhanced many fields. The sector which is highly influenced by technological development is online retailing. The rapid spread of E-Commerce provides great benefits both for consumers and sellers. On the other side, the complexity of online marketplaces produces new issues and challenges. These escalating concerns about E-Commerce can restrict its growth and discourage consumers from performing online activities. This paper aims to examine the factors which affect the Indian online consumers' purchase intention on the basis of framework proposed by the authors in the form of 3R's (Reliability, Risk and Responsiveness) of online shopping.
Since this study is conceptual in nature, the novelty of this article is mounted on researching the existing theoretical retail concepts and implying them in the case of current challenges faced by online consumers. The result of this study adds to the existing literature on E-Commerce by introducing the concept of 3R's of online shopping which is found to be the major cause of concern among Indian econsumers and affect their online shopping intention resulting in distrust, dissatisfaction and disloyalty towards the online retailers.
Keywords
Online Marketplace, E-Commerce, Online Retailing, Purchase Intention, Online Consumers, Shopping Intention.Full Text
- Societal Tourism-Entrepreneurship:A Nurture Trend in Indian Spatial Tourism Venturalism
Abstract Views :211 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Haryana Vishwakarma Skill University, Gurugram, Haryana, IN
1 Haryana Vishwakarma Skill University, Gurugram, Haryana, IN
Source
IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review, Vol 6, No 4 (2018), Pagination: 605-609Abstract
Ecological societal enterprises are the ventures which aim their efforts toward improving the general welfare of society and they apply societal-based strategies to achieve a societal purpose. The movement includes both nonprofit and for profit ventures with non profit ventures using tourism venture models to pursue their mission and for profit ventures incorporating a societal agenda into their tourism venture model. The focus of the research paper is to address the nurture trends of societal tourism entrepreneurs in Indian spatial tourism venture including the history of Societal tourism tourism entrepreneurship in India and the new initiatives taken by various Societal tourism entrepreneurs. However, many of India's Societal tourism entrepreneurs continue to struggle as the Societal venturing landscape lacks appropriate sources of financing, proper regulations, societal recognition and suitable information systems. Therefore, it's the right time for various non-governmental ventures (NGOs), governmental ventures and societal tourism entrepreneurs to come forward to encourage further development of societal tourism tourism entrepreneurship in India.Keywords
Societal Tourism Entrepreneurs, India, Societal Ventures, Challenges.References
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